Smartphone-Based Bluetooth Home Automation System for Assisting Elderly Users

Abstract

The increasing elderly population and their mobility limitations create a need for assistive technologies that enhance independence and safety in daily life. This paper presents a Bluetooth-based smart device system designed to remotely control household appliances for elderly individuals using a smartphone. The proposed system integrates a mobile application, a Bluetooth communication module (HC-05/HC-06), a microcontroller such as Arduino or ESP32, and relay modules to enable wireless switching of electrical appliances such as lights and fans. Commands sent from the smartphone application are transmitted through Bluetooth to the microcontroller, which processes the received signals and activates the corresponding relay to control the appliances. The system eliminates the need for elderly users to physically operate wall switches, thereby reducing physical effort and improving convenience. The proposed solution is low-cost, easy to implement, and does not require internet connectivity, making it suitable for residential environments and assisted living facilities. Furthermore, the system can be extended with features such as voice commands, IoT connectivity, and emergency alert mechanisms to enhance functionality and support independent living for elderly individuals.